{"id":993,"date":"2015-02-24T14:43:47","date_gmt":"2015-02-24T13:43:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vision.wettintv.de\/?page_id=993"},"modified":"2022-04-11T15:09:33","modified_gmt":"2022-04-11T14:09:33","slug":"15-editing-programs-schnittprogramme-germany-maybe-one-premiere-and-movie-maker-videospin","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/vision-videoschool.eu\/?page_id=993","title":{"rendered":"Film editing"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pdfprnt-buttons pdfprnt-buttons-page pdfprnt-top-right\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vision-videoschool.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fpages%2F993&print=pdf\" class=\"pdfprnt-button pdfprnt-button-pdf\" target=\"_blank\" ><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/vision-videoschool.eu\/wp-content\/plugins\/pdf-print\/images\/pdf.png\" alt=\"image_pdf\" title=\"PDF anzeigen\" \/><\/a><\/div><h2>Introduction<\/h2>\n<p>Once filming is finished, it&#8217;s time to edit your material.<\/p>\n<p>Depending on the type of\u00a0video you want to produce and the filming devices you used, you can edit your material\u00a0on a computer, tablet or even a smartphone.<\/p>\n<p>You will usually need a video-editing program\u00a0to help you review and cut your footage.\u00a0Manufacturers of\u00a0cameras, smartphones and tablets often include the necessary editing software\u00a0when they sell you the device. There is a variety of different programs, but their basic functionality and interface are often similar.<\/p>\n<p>In this chapter you&#8217;ll learn basic skills for editing video in Adobe Premiere Elements using a computer. A computer with a good keyboard and mouse is the most comfortable\u00a0way of editing a video. Premiere Elements is a widely\u00a0used and inexpensive (\u20ac90) editing program suitable for both simple and more\u00a0complex projects.<\/p>\n<p>We&#8217;ll show you\u00a0how to create a film project, insert filmed material and edit it. This includes working with\u00a0transitions and adding titles, music and voice-overs.<\/p>\n<table style=\"border-color: #ffffff;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 33px;\">\n<td style=\"border-color: #ffffff; text-align: left; vertical-align: top;\">\u00a0<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-3206\" src=\"https:\/\/vision.wettintv.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/corner_lt.png\" alt=\"corner_lt\" width=\"30\" height=\"33\" \/><\/td>\n<td style=\"border-color: #ffffff;\">\n<h2><span style=\"color: #e3890b;\">Vision <em>in action<\/em><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border-color: #ffffff;\">\u00a0<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-3208\" src=\"https:\/\/vision.wettintv.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/corner_rt.png\" alt=\"corner_rt\" width=\"30\" height=\"33\" \/><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border-color: #ffffff;\">\n<td style=\"border-color: #ffffff;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"border-color: #ffffff;\">\n<ul>\n<li>Find a space suitable for editing. Use headphones so that you&#8217;re not distracted by what&#8217;s happening around you.<\/li>\n<li>Watch all the material before you start editing, so you know what you&#8217;re working with. You can check your clips\u00a0also using\u00a0 any video player. Make notes.<\/li>\n<li>Before you create\u00a0a new film project in the editing software, make sure the folders and files you&#8217;ll use are well organised.\u00a0Do this in Windows Explorer (or another file browser), then import the files in Adobe Premiere Elements (or another video-editing program) and make sure you&#8217;ve retained that folder structure there.<\/li>\n<li>Learn\u00a0the shortcuts of your editing program and\u00a0use them to speed up your work. The main ones in\u00a0Premiere Elements are:\n<ul>\n<li>Save the project: Ctrl + S<\/li>\n<li>Undo one or several editing steps:\u00a0Ctrl + Z:<\/li>\n<li>Select all the items in one\u00a0area (for example all the files in a folder in the &#8218;Project elements&#8216; window, or all the\u00a0material\u00a0in the timeline): Ctrl + A<\/li>\n<li>Play\/pause the video in the preview window: Spacebar<\/li>\n<li>Zoom in and out in the timeline: + \/ &#8211;<\/li>\n<li>Delete one or more selected clips in the timeline: Del<\/li>\n<li>Finish editing text elements and switch\u00a0to adjusting their position: Esc<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Regularly discuss\u00a0your progress with people in your group, and agree what needs to improve.<\/li>\n<li>Save regularly (Ctrl + S)!<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border-color: #ffffff;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 33px;\">\n<td style=\"border-color: #ffffff; width: 30px; height: 33px;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-3205\" src=\"https:\/\/vision.wettintv.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/corner_lb.png\" alt=\"corner_lb\" width=\"30\" height=\"33\" \/><\/td>\n<td style=\"border-color: #ffffff;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"border-color: #ffffff; width: 30px; height: 33px;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-3207\" src=\"https:\/\/vision.wettintv.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/corner_rb.png\" alt=\"corner_rb\" width=\"30\" height=\"33\" \/><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>Equipment and tools<\/h2>\n<p>To edit your film you&#8217;ll need:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>a video-editing program installed on your\u00a0computer.<\/li>\n<li>a sufficiently fast computer that meets the requirements of the editing software, in terms of operating system, processor speed, RAM and HDD capacity.<\/li>\n<li>a mouse. You won&#8217;t be able to edit your video using a laptop touchpad.<\/li>\n<li>good speakers, or headphones (to avoid disturbing others that might be working in the same room).<\/li>\n<li>Y-adapters\u00a0for headphones. These are really helpful if you have\u00a0a couple of people working together on the same computer.<\/li>\n<li>if possible, a second computer screen. You can use this to preview your work more easily.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Main section<\/h2>\n<p>The interface of most editing programs consists of two basic elements:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>an editing window, where video and audio material is placed along a\u00a0timeline\u00a0and edited<\/li>\n<li>a preview window, where you can watch the video.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>It&#8217;s hard to find free editing software for Windows that is suitable for more complex projects. Programs like\u00a0Adobe Premiere Elements, Pro CC or Magix Video Deluxe 15 have\u00a0free trial versions, but they expire after a month and\u00a0sometimes have limited functionality.<\/p>\n<p>The program we&#8217;re using as an example in this chapter is Adobe Premiere Elements 13, available for Windows and Mac iOS. It has all\u00a0the functionality you need for both simple and complex projects, and it supports a variety of file formats. The software\u00a0costs about \u20ac90, and students and educational institutions may be able to get a discount.<\/p>\n<p>Less complex projects can also be edited in\u00a0Movie Maker, a program that comes <span style=\"color: #333333;\">free of charge<\/span> with Microsoft\u00a0Windows. To familiarise yourself with\u00a0other editing programs, please refer to online manuals and tutorials.<\/p>\n<p>To help us explain\u00a0the basic process\u00a0of editing, imagine that you&#8217;ve just shot a video\u00a0about\u00a0a particular profession. You\u00a0shot the video with just one camera. The material consists of an interview (referred to as\u00a0&#8218;interview images&#8216; below) with a craftsman and additional image material illustrating what he does\u00a0and his workplace (&#8217;sectional\u00a0images&#8216;). You&#8217;ve named\u00a0the project\u00a0&#8218;Portrait of a professional&#8216;.<\/p>\n<h3>Preparing to edit<\/h3>\n<p>Before you start\u00a0editing,\u00a0you&#8217;ll need to pre-sort your material, to get a good\u00a0overview of everything\u00a0you filmed.<\/p>\n<p>You can start by browsing shots in Windows Explorer or another file browser, and deciding which ones you don&#8217;t need. You can then sort shots in different folders by scene and date.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>If you&#8217;re taking part in a film project at\u00a0school or at\u00a0a youth club\u00a0but\u00a0you don&#8217;t have\u00a0editing software at home, you can still view\u00a0the\u00a0material in Windows Media Player, VLC or any other program that plays video. Note down any comments and time codes\u00a0to help\u00a0you with editing when you&#8217;re back\u00a0at school or at the youth club.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>The file format your camera uses won&#8217;t necessarily be\u00a0compatible with the editing software. If the program can&#8217;t\u00a0import\u00a0files from your\u00a0camera, find out what formats the software\u00a0does support\u00a0and convert your\u00a0files using\u00a0a\u00a0program\u00a0like\u00a0SUPER (free) or Adobe Media Encoder.<\/p>\n<p>If your\u00a0computer is slow, working with<span style=\"color: #333333;\"> compressed file formats<\/span>\u00a0(for example\u00a0.mts) can make the editing program \u2013\u00a0and the whole editing process \u2013\u00a0very slow too.\u00a0It&#8217;s a good idea to convert your\u00a0files to a less compressed format, for example .avi. You can do this in the conversion software we discussed above, but make sure you have enough space on your hard drive first.<\/p>\n<p>Something else that can significantly slow down your editing program is\u00a0video material with\u00a0very\u00a0high resolution. One solution is to\u00a0convert the high-resolution files into files with lower resolution and use those while you edit. Once you&#8217;re done editing, replace the low-resolution files with\u00a0the high-resolution ones\u00a0before outputting the project. In Adobe Premiere Elements, right-click on the imported video file in the &#8218;project elements&#8216; panel, click on\u00a0&#8218;replace video file&#8216; and select the high-resolution version.<\/p>\n<p>All other files you&#8217;d like to use, including sound recordings and image material,\u00a0should be saved in subfolders in the main\u00a0project folder. In the case of the &#8218;Portrait of a professional&#8216; project, for example, your main folder will be given the project name (&#8218;Portrait of a professional&#8216;) and there will be two subfolders: &#8218;interview images&#8216; and &#8217;sectional images&#8216; in which files will be sorted before editing.<\/p>\n<h3>Creating a new project in\u00a0Adobe Premiere Elements 13<\/h3>\n<p>Open\u00a0Adobe Premiere Elements.<\/p>\n<p>Select\u00a0Video Editor-&gt;New Project.<\/p>\n<p>The\u00a0workspace where you&#8217;ll be editing your video will appear. Click on &#8218;Save&#8216; top right and give the project a\u00a0name: &#8218;portrait_of_a_professional.prel&#8216;. After that save it in a new subfolder, &#8218;Premier Elements&#8216;, which is part of a\u00a0main folder: &#8218;Portrait of a professional&#8216;.<\/p>\n<p>In the second row from the top, you\u00a0can now choose between &#8218;Quick&#8216; and &#8218;Expert&#8216; modes.<\/p>\n<p>&#8218;Quick&#8216; gives you one track on the timeline for text\/titles, one for video material from your camera (with accompanying audio track), and two additional audio tracks (one for voice-overs and one for music) in the editing window below the timeline. The video and audio tracks\u00a0of your video material are displayed as one in this mode and can&#8217;t be edited separately.<\/p>\n<p>This mode is only suitable for simple film projects where you don&#8217;t need several\u00a0video tracks, and where the audio content associated with\u00a0the video track doesn&#8217;t have to\u00a0be edited separately.<\/p>\n<p>In addition, the Quick mode\u00a0doesn&#8217;t include\u00a0the &#8218;Project elements&#8216; menu item. Without it you can&#8217;t\u00a0see\u00a0all the clips in the project clearly displayed. That&#8217;s why it&#8217;s better to use the &#8218;Expert&#8216; mode, even if you don&#8217;t need several video tracks.<\/p>\n<p>In &#8218;Expert&#8216; mode you can edit four video tracks and their associated\u00a0audio tracks. Unlike in Quick mode, here you can edit the audio tracks independently of video material. The\u00a0&#8218;Project elements&#8216; menu item is also available, which means you can see all the\u00a0content in the project \u2013\u00a0video and audio files, titles, images and graphics \u2013\u00a0neatly\u00a0arranged.<\/p>\n<p>Another advantage of &#8218;Expert&#8216; mode is that, if you have video material that was filmed by several different cameras simultaneously, you can synchronise the &#8218;action&#8216;\u00a0across the different video\u00a0tracks. That way you can easily choose which camera angles to show at which points. See &#8218;Editing a video with multiple video tracks&#8216; below for more detail.<\/p>\n<p>There is a third, &#8218;Wizard Guided Mode&#8216;. This provides additional support within both &#8218;Expert&#8216; and &#8218;Quick&#8216;, and can give you crash course in video editing.<\/p>\n<p>For the purposes of your\u00a0imaginary project &#8218;The portrait of a professional&#8216;, you&#8217;ll be working in &#8218;Expert&#8216; mode.<\/p>\n<h3>Add Media<\/h3>\n<p>The &#8218;Add Media&#8216; button (top left) allows you to import files from different sources into your\u00a0project \u2013\u00a0for example for a hard disk or a camera connected to your\u00a0computer.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>The\u00a0&#8218;Webcam or WDM device&#8216; menu item allows you to record video in Premiere Elements itself, via a webcam connected to your computer.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Click on &#8218;Add Media&#8216;-&gt;&#8217;Files and folders&#8216;, and in\u00a0the main folder &#8218;Portrait of a professional&#8216; find the <span style=\"color: #333333;\">subfolder<\/span> &#8218;interview images&#8216;.<\/p>\n<p>Select &#8218;Import Folder&#8216; to display the subfolder\u00a0in &#8218;Project elements&#8216;. Once you&#8217;ve done that, you can double-click on &#8218;Interview sequence&#8216; in the &#8218;Project elements&#8216; \u00a0window and see\u00a0all the video files in that folder. Follow the same steps to import\u00a0the <span style=\"color: #333333;\">subfolder <\/span>&#8217;sectional images&#8216;.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>You can choose how &#8218;Project elements&#8216;\u00a0is\u00a0displayed. Use the small button to the right of the window to select grid or list view, and to sort elements by file name or duration.<\/p>\n<p>You can also create new folders in &#8218;Project elements&#8216;, for example to sort video material that wasn&#8217;t sorted\u00a0in the file browser.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Double-click on a\u00a0video clip\u00a0in &#8218;Project elements&#8216;, and a small preview window will appear, in which you can watch the clip.<\/p>\n<p>When you know which section of the clip you want to use in your edited video, move\u00a0the cursor over the timeline of the preview window and click to mark the start point of the section. Now click on the &#8218;Set In-P&#8216; to properly set the start point. Next, mark\u00a0the end of the section \u2013\u00a0again by clicking\u00a0on a specific point in the timeline \u2013\u00a0and select &#8218;Set Out-P&#8216; to set the end point.<\/p>\n<p>Now &#8218;Drag &amp; Drop&#8216;\u00a0the clip from the preview window\u00a0onto the video track of the main project timeline;\u00a0only the section you selected\u00a0will appear.<\/p>\n<p>This method of adding clips to you film project works well if you&#8217;ve already watched your original material in a video player and noted the timecodes of the sections you want to use. All you have to do is set the start\/end points in Premiere Elements and insert the clip into the main project timeline.<\/p>\n<p>If you haven&#8217;t yet watched the material \u2013\u00a0for example the interview with the craftsman \u2013\u00a0you can do so in the editing window:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Double-click on the &#8218;Interview sequence&#8216; folder in the &#8218;Project elements&#8216; window.<\/li>\n<li>Select all the files in the folder. You can do this\u00a0by holding down the &#8218;Shift&#8216; key and clicking on each file, or simply by pressing\u00a0Ctrl + A.<\/li>\n<li>Use\u00a0&#8218;Drag &amp; Drop&#8216; to\u00a0move each\u00a0file to a video <span style=\"color: #333333;\">and<\/span> audio track in the\u00a0main project timeline.<\/li>\n<li>Start editing your video\u00a0shot by\u00a0shot.<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Use the <strong>scroll bar<\/strong> at the bottom of the editing window to\u00a0move along the timeline and edit any part of the project.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>The play button under the\u00a0preview window lets you watch\u00a0the\u00a0material in the main project\u00a0timeline. Use the spacebar on your keyboard to stop and start the preview more easily.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Use\u00a0the <strong>waste-bin icon<\/strong> in &#8218;Project Elements&#8216; to\u00a0delete files or folders you don&#8217;t need for your project. Don&#8217;t worry \u2013 they won&#8217;t be deleted from your hard disk!<\/p>\n<p>The small <strong>folder icon<\/strong> left of the waste bin icon helps you<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u00a0<span style=\"color: #333333;\">switch back from a folder to a higher level.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Use the search bar (<strong>magnifying-glass icon<\/strong>) to look for specific files and folders.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">The\u00a0slider on the right of\u00a0the timeline helps\u00a0you\u00a0&#8218;zoom&#8216; in and out. This allows you to do very detailed editing work, including focusing on a single frame within a clip if you want to. Or you can see the entire project at a glance and skip to the section\u00a0you need.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">You can also\u00a0zoom in and out quickly by using the + and &#8211; keys on your keyboard.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">After you&#8217;ve placed a\u00a0section of\u00a0each clip (using In and Out points as described above), or whole clips,\u00a0in\u00a0the Video 1 track of\u00a0the Timeline, you can start editing them.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The red vertical line which moves along the timeline during playback is called a <span style=\"color: #333333;\"><strong>Current Time Indicator<\/strong> <\/span>(&#8218;time indicator&#8216; for short). It gives you your precise time location\u00a0in\u00a0the project.Click\u00a0on\u00a0the area above the timeline to jump to a specific point in your video. You can also move the indicator by clicking on the red line or the blue triangle on top of it, and dragging.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote><p>By clicking on the time indicator and dragging\u00a0it left or right, you&#8217;ll be able to hear the sound from the different clips in very quick succession. This can help you find\u00a0a specific point on the timeline, like the end of a sentence.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<ul>\n<li>To\u00a0edit a clip, move the time indicator to the point where you want to make a cut \u00a0and click on the small scissors you can see next to\u00a0the indicator. The clip is now split in the video track.<\/li>\n<li>To remove the section before the cut, click on it and select\u00a0the &#8218;Remove&#8216; button. Or you can right-click-&gt;&#8217;Delete&#8216;. This will leave a gap in the timeline. The gap will display as black in the preview (and in the film) unless there&#8217;s overlapping footage in another video track.<\/li>\n<li>You can close the gap with a\u00a0right-click-&gt;&#8217;Delete and close gap&#8216;. The clip that was\u00a0right after the gap\u00a0now sits next to the clip before it.<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"line-height: 1.6;\">Repeat the above steps\u00a0until\u00a0you&#8217;ve edited the whole interview.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>You can also edit a clip by clicking on the start or end of it. A red bracket with two black arrows will appear. Click on the bracket and move it left or right to make\u00a0the clip selection shorter or longer, then release.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>The key combination\u00a0Ctrl + Z allows you to undo your\u00a0last action. You can use it\u00a0to 50 times.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">The &#8218;Protocol&#8216; panel, accessible via\u00a0the &#8218;Window&#8216; menu item, shows you a list of your last 50 actions. You can now\u00a0select<span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"> and undo actions up to<\/span> a specific\u00a0point in the editing process. If you have more than\u00a050 actions, or steps, earlier steps won&#8216; t appear in the Protocol panel.<\/p>\n<p>When you close down\u00a0Premiere Elements, the log of actions from your last session will be lost. When you open Premiere Elements again, the program will start a new log for any steps in that session.<\/p>\n<p>If you&#8217;re not sure about all the changes you&#8217;re making,\u00a0save versions of your project at intermediate stages, using &#8218;File-&gt;Save As&#8230;&#8216;. That way, if you don&#8217;t think the video\u00a0is turning out quite like you planned, you can go back to an earlier version.<\/p>\n<p>Remember to give each version a different\u00a0name. And don&#8217;t worry: saving multiple versions won&#8217;t take up lots of space on your hard disk. You&#8217;re only saving the project and not the video files in it, which have\u00a0already been saved.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h3>Sectional images<\/h3>\n<p>Sectional images make videos more\u00a0interesting by illustrating the information that\u00a0a character or, in our case, an interviewee gives us verbally.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Add relevant video clips from the &#8217;sectional images&#8216; folder in\u00a0&#8218;Project elements&#8216; to the Video 2 track (above Video 1 track).<\/li>\n<li>You\u00a0can position\u00a0the sectional images so that they coincide precisely with the spoken word they&#8217;re illustrating, or a little bit after.<\/li>\n<li>In the first instance the viewer receives the same information both verbally and visually, which professionals sometimes consider crude. But\u00a0it&#8217;s unavoidable sometimes. If the\u00a0craftsman is describing the\u00a0parts of a\u00a0machine, the viewer will definitely want to see them at the same time!<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Transitions<\/h3>\n<p>A clean cut between clips\u00a0is the most common way of putting different\u00a0shots\u00a0together. But gradual shifts, called transitions, are sometimes more appropriate.<\/p>\n<p>The most common\u00a0transitions on\u00a0film and TV are &#8218;Cross Dissolve&#8216; (slow fade between two clips) and transition to black.<\/p>\n<h4>Transition to black<\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"color: #333333;\">You can insert a transition to black (look under &#8218;Transitions&#8216;) into your timeline by using &#8218;Drag &amp; Drop&#8216;.<\/span> <\/span>There\u00a0are several ways you can use it:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>On the beginning of the first clip<\/strong>:\u00a0the video\u00a0starts with a black screen, followed by a gradual transition to the first clip.<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #333333;\"><strong>Between two clips<\/strong>: the picture gradually\u00a0becomes completely black for a brief time\u00a0before a transition to the next\u00a0clip. In the story of your film this can indicate that time has passed or there has been a change of location between shots.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"line-height: 1.6; color: #333333;\"><strong>At the end of the last clip<\/strong>: the picture\u00a0dissolves into black, often signalling\u00a0the end of the film.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Transitions in Premiere Elements<\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li>Make sure the\u00a0cut between two clips is\u00a0visible in the timeline.<\/li>\n<li>Click on &#8218;Transition&#8216;\u00a0bottom right and select a type of crossfade. Classic crossfade transitions are listed under &#8217;scattering&#8216;.<\/li>\n<li>Use\u00a0&#8218;Drag &amp; Drop&#8216; to insert the\u00a0crossfade in\u00a0the relevant\u00a0cut. A\u00a0&#8218;Transition adjustments&#8216; window will appear.<\/li>\n<li>Choose how to apply the transition: to the end of the first clip, the start of the second, or both. For both, select &#8218;between clips&#8216;.<\/li>\n<li>Use &#8218;Duration&#8216; to set the length of the transition in seconds.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<blockquote><p>It&#8217;s quite common to create\u00a0the transitions using so-called &#8218;white lightnings&#8216;, especially when you&#8217;re editing interviews.\u00a0This is a very quick\u00a0transition to white, only lasting\u00a0about\u00a0two\u00a0frames.<\/p>\n<p>The minimum\u00a0transition length you can set in &#8218;Duration&#8216; is\u00a01 second. So if you want to use a white lightning, you&#8217;ll need to go to Edit-&gt; Preferences-&gt; Set General, and set the &#8218;default duration of video transition&#8216; to two frames.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h3>Inserting titles, lower thirds and credits<\/h3>\n<p>Before you start\u00a0inserting titles, lower thirds and credits, right-click on the preview window and select &#8218;Secure borders&#8216;.<\/p>\n<p>All graphic elements, as well as titles and lower thirds, should be within the outer frame of the displayed edges.\u00a0Credits normally move from bottom to top outside the safe margins.<\/p>\n<h4>Titles<\/h4>\n<p>By clicking on &#8218;Title and text&#8216; bottom right, you&#8217;ll get a variety of different text elements. Some of these are animated.<\/p>\n<p>For your\u00a0portrait of a professional:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Give\u00a0the film\u00a0a simple title like <em>Industrial mechanic for commercial vehicles \u2013\u00a0a portrait of John Smith<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li>To do this, drag the item &#8218;Standard Text&#8216; and drop it in\u00a0the relevant place\u00a0on the\u00a0timeline, in Video Track 3.<\/li>\n<li>A purple box saying &#8218;Default Text&#8216; will appear. Double-click\u00a0on it to\u00a0edit the text in <span style=\"color: #333333;\">the preview window<\/span>. The &#8218;Adjustments&#8216; window will appear on the right. Use this to change the font, format and alignment (&#8218;Text&#8216; tab), and to select style presets for the style (&#8218;Style&#8216; tab).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Lower thirds<\/h4>\n<p>To insert a lower third:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>You&#8217;ll first need some text at the bottom of the screen (within the safe margins).<\/li>\n<li>As with adding\u00a0titles, first drag a\u00a0Standard Text element and drop it in the relevant place on the timelines,<span style=\"color: #333333;\"> in Video Track 3.<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Format the text using\u00a0&#8218;Adjustments&#8216;<\/li>\n<li>Under the &#8218;Forms&#8216; tab choose and insert any rectangles, ovals or lines into the <span style=\"color: #333333;\">preview<\/span>\u00a0window. For example, you could place\u00a0a rectangle at\u00a0the bottom of the picture, as long as it&#8217;s within the safe margins.<\/li>\n<li>Shape and colour the rectangle, or another shape,\u00a0in any way you like.<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #333333;\">Check the shape isn&#8217;t covering\u00a0any of the text. Right-click on the shape, and select Arrange-&gt;\u00a0Send to Back.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote><p>Press the Escape key after editing a text or shape element. This will allow you to use your cursor again to move the elements around the preview window.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h4>Credits<\/h4>\n<p>After creating your titles and lower thirds, it&#8217;s time to work on the\u00a0credits.<\/p>\n<p>You can use a classic feature-film approach, where job titles and names move\u00a0slowly from the bottom to the top of the screen.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333333;\">In Premiere Elements, go to the &#8218;Title and Text&#8216; menu item and select the\u00a0&#8218;Rolling title&#8216; element. Insert this at a suitable point in\u00a0Video Track 3, then\u00a0edit and format as you would a normal title.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Adding music and voice-overs<\/h3>\n<p>In &#8218;Expert&#8216; mode there are\u00a0two additional audio tracks in the timeline. One is called &#8218;Narration&#8216;, for any audio clips of off-camera narration, also known as\u00a0voice-overs. The other is &#8218;Soundtrack&#8216;, for music.<\/p>\n<p>You can record a voice-over using any sound-recording device, and import it into the project via &#8218;Project elements&#8216;. Before importing, you could\u00a0edit the recording using sound-editing software so that it sounds just the way you want it to.<\/p>\n<p>To decrease\/increase the volume of an audio track:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Expand the track by clicking on the small triangle on the left side of the<span style=\"color: #333333;\"> track. A yellow horizontal line will appear.<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Click on the line and move it up or down, to increase or decrease the volume respectively. You&#8217;ll need to do this for each individual audio clip.<\/li>\n<li>If you want to gradually change the volume of a whole track or part of a track (for example gradually\u00a0decrease the volume of\u00a0the music track while the narrator is talking):\n<ul>\n<li>Move the cursor to the beginning of a desired slope on the yellow line\u00a0and click on it while holding down the Ctrl key;\u00a0a point (keyframe) will appear<\/li>\n<li>Create another keyframe at the end of the slope (you can still change the position of the keyframes by dragging them along the yellow line)<\/li>\n<li>Drag the respective keyframes up or down to create slopes in the yellow line. A downward slope means a gradual decrease and an upward slope is a gradual\u00a0increase in the volume.<\/li>\n<li>Insert as many points as you need to make the adjustments you want.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>Applying video and audio effects in Premiere Elements<\/h3>\n<p>You can go further and add\u00a0various effects to your\u00a0video and audio material in Premiere Elements.<\/p>\n<p>For <strong>video effects<\/strong>, click on Effects, choose a category and a specific effect, then drag this on top of a clip in the editing window.<\/p>\n<p>For <strong>audio effects<\/strong>, select\u00a0Audio-&gt;Sound effects, then drag the effect you want onto an audio clip in the editing window.<\/p>\n<p>Once you&#8217;ve added an\u00a0effect to a clip, an\u00a0&#8218;Assigned effects&#8216; menu will\u00a0on the right of your screen. Use this to change your effect settings.<\/p>\n<p>You can&#8217;t add a new effect to several\u00a0clips simultaneously. However, once you&#8217;ve added one or more effects to a single clip and you&#8217;re happy with the result, you can apply the same effect settings to several clips at the same time.<\/p>\n<p>To do this, right-click on the edited clip and select &#8218;Copy&#8216;. Then select the clips that you want to apply the same effects to.\u00a0Right-click and select &#8218;Insert effects and adjustments&#8216;. After that you\u00a0can further customise\u00a0the\u00a0effects of each clip individually if you want to.<\/p>\n<h3>Additional music<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333333;\">You\u00a0can also use the Audio menu to insert additional music into your project. Select Audio-&gt;Music score, and pick a genre \u2013\u00a0for example Blues. Click on\u00a0an\u00a0audio clip and drag it onto an audio track in your editing window.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Additional customizations<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"line-height: 1.6;\">The\u00a0&#8218;Customize&#8216; menu top right offers many other\u00a0ways of\u00a0modifying the material in your project. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"line-height: 1.6;\">For example, you can use &#8218;Intelligent Auto Color Correction&#8216; to give you uniform colour tones across footage from different cameras.\u00a0Browse\u00a0the various options and\u00a0experiment!<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Encoding video in various file formats<\/h3>\n<p>After you&#8217;re done editing your video\u00a0in Premiere Elements, decide how\u00a0you want to publish it in: for example as\u00a0a DVD or on an online video platform. This will determine what file format you&#8217;ll be exporting your project to.<\/p>\n<p>Exporting a video\u00a0in Premiere Elements is covered in detail in\u00a0<a title=\"Encoding files for archiving, online uploads and video discs\" href=\"https:\/\/vision.wettintv.de\/?page_id=1000%20\">Encoding files for archiving, online uploads and video discs<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3>Editing video with multiple video tracks<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Let&#8217;s say\u00a0you&#8217;ve\u00a0used\u00a0several different cameras to shoot a film scene, an interview or an event. In Premiere Elements&#8216; &#8218;Expert&#8216; mode you can\u00a0synchronise and edit all of that\u00a0material\u00a0using multiple video tracks.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">To show you how this works, we&#8217;ll use the following example: an\u00a0interview shot simultaneously\u00a0on\u00a0two cameras, using the shot\/counter-shot principle.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Set up a clear folder structure on your computer.The\u00a0main folder for your video is\u00a0called, for example, &#8218;Interview with Jan Feddersen&#8216;. It has\u00a0two subfolders: &#8218;Camera 1&#8216;, for material from the camera that mainly filmed the interviewer,\u00a0and &#8218;Camera 2&#8216;, \u00a0for material from the camera that mainly filmed the interviewee. There may of course also be some shots of both people together.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Import both subfolders in &#8218;Project elements&#8216;. You can now see\u00a0multiple video tracks, associated with audio tracks: Video 1 and Audio 1; Video 2 and Audio 2; Video 3 and Audio 3.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Put all the clips from Camera 1 in the Video 2\/Audio 2\u00a0tracks.\u00a0Then put all the clips from Camera 2 in the Video 1\/Audio 1 tracks.\u00a0<span style=\"color: #333333;\">There&#8217;s a reason for putting Camera 1 material in Video 2\/Audio 2, and Camera 2 material in Video 1\/Audio 1. Camera 1 material mainly shows the interviewer, and we won&#8217;t be using\u00a0that much of it in the final cut. The preview window (and thus also the finished film) always shows the content of the highest\u00a0video track, so it makes sense to use track 2 for\u00a0material from Camera 1, showing the interviewer.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">If you can&#8217;t see the Video 3 track, use the scroll bar on the right of the timeline panel to scroll up and reveal it. This is the track to use for<span style=\"color: #333333;\"> sectional<\/span>\u00a0images, titles and lower-thirds, for example.<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>As\u00a0you&#8217;ll remember, both cameras filmed the interview simultaneously from different positions. Now you can go ahead and\u00a0synchronise the clips in video\/audio tracks 1 and 2.<\/p>\n<p>There are two ways of doing this:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Synchronisation using\u00a0audio tracks<\/strong>: If both cameras recorded sound,\u00a0you can\u00a0synchronise their video and audio material\u00a0using\u00a0the audio tracks.Ideally you&#8217;ll have used a clapper board or clapped your hands to create a synchronising sound at the beginning of the interview, with both cameras rolling. But you\u00a0can also synchronise audio tracks without a\u00a0synchronisation sound.In both cases, click on the triangles left of the\u00a0audio track names to expand them; now you can see\u00a0the\u00a0waveform of each one. They will be similar where both cameras recorded the same thing.Zoom in to find the synchronisation sound. Once you&#8217;ve seen\u00a0it on both audio tracks,\u00a0select the whole video and audio material of one of the video\/audio tracks, and slide it over until the two synchronisation-sound points are aligned.To check it&#8217;s worked, play both tracks. If you haven&#8217;t synchronised them well, you&#8217;ll hear\u00a0something that sounds very much like\u00a0reverb.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Synchronisation using\u00a0video tracks<\/strong>: A\u00a0clapperboard or someone clapping can help here too, but another\u00a0distinctive\u00a0movement will also do.Find the bang of the clapperboard or the hands clapping on both video tracks, and use this to bring the two sets of video and audio tracks roughly in line.Now\u00a0expand the upper video track (2) by clicking on the triangle next to the track name. You&#8217;ll see\u00a0all the video clips in that\u00a0video track, and horizontal yellow line.Click on the line and drag it down slightly to make it transparent; you can now see the picture in the video track under it. Use this to\u00a0find the exact location of the bang or clap and more one of the video tracks left or right the two\u00a0are completely synchronised.Check the synchronisation by listening to the sound in the audio tracks. If there&#8217;s only one audio track, check the lip-syncing between sound and picture.Use the transparency function to check for synchronicity across video tracks elsewhere on the timeline.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Once your video tracks are synchronised, you can go ahead and edit them as you would a single video track. Just remember to uncheck\u00a0any options for editing both tracks simultaneously, and to always make sure you&#8217;ve selected the precise clip you want to edit.<\/p>\n<h2>Common\u00a0mistakes<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Not saving your project regularly. If the program crashes, you might lose a lot of work. Premiere Elements\u00a0auto-saves your work every 20 minutes, so you may be able to restore some of what you&#8217;ve done, but everything before the last auto-save would be lost.<\/li>\n<li>Not storing all the material for the video project in the same main folder (or its subfolders). If, for example, you transfer some clips from the main folder from your hard disk to an external storage device and you switch it of <span style=\"color: #333333;\">and then try to play the project,<\/span> there will be gaps where the missing material\u00a0is supposed to be.<\/li>\n<li>One person only does all the editing and there&#8217;s no regular discussion with the rest of the group about what the final result should look like. Some people might be unhappy with the finished video, or you might need to put a lot of time\u00a0in undoing your work and changing things round.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Exercises<\/h2>\n<p>You&#8217;ll have the most fun with editing if you&#8217;re\u00a0working on your own film project. Apply the examples we give here to your video and get started!<\/p>\n<h2>Related topics and links to external resources<\/h2>\n<p>Chapters: <a title=\"Film structure\" href=\"https:\/\/vision.wettintv.de\/?page_id=121\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Film Structure<\/a> \/ <a title=\"Free internet resources to support your video work\" href=\"https:\/\/vision.wettintv.de\/?page_id=905\">Free internet resources to support your video work<\/a> \/ <a title=\"IN PROGRESS \u2013 Encoding files for archiving, online uploads and video discs\" href=\"https:\/\/vision.wettintv.de\/?page_id=1000\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Encoding files for archiving, online uploads and video discs<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Methodology<\/h2>\n<p>Long periods of working at a computer can be boring for teenagers.\u00a0Plus, you can only really have two people editing a video on the same\u00a0computer at any one time.<\/p>\n<p>Split the young people into groups and rotate them frequently during the editing stage, even if this affects the quality of the finished film. It&#8217;s the only way to make sure all of the participants develop video-editing skills.<\/p>\n<p>Helping the young people learn is more important than the final product.\u00a0Discuss the editing process with them,\u00a0and give them the support they\u00a0need. If you can, connect the computer to a projector so that more project participants can follow the editing stage.<\/p>\n<p>Remember to offer additional activities for those who aren&#8217;t involved in the\u00a0editing process. Some young people could\u00a0create posters about\u00a0the project or the theme of the video. Others could use a camera and microphone to interview their fellow project participants as the project progresses and the video\u00a0develops.<\/p>\n<p>Physical activities that are not\u00a0directly related to the project are great too, for example movement or theater-improvisation games.<\/p>\n<h2>\u00a0<b>Terminology<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><em>editing window, preview window, import files, c<span style=\"color: #333333;\">urrent time indicator, <\/span>transitions, titles, lower thirds, credits, synchronisation<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introduction Once filming is finished, it&#8217;s time to edit your material. Depending on the type of\u00a0video you want to produce and the filming devices you used, you can edit your material\u00a0on a computer, tablet or even a smartphone. You will usually need a video-editing program\u00a0to help you review and cut your footage.\u00a0Manufacturers of\u00a0cameras, smartphones and&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1921,"parent":0,"menu_order":3330,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page_fullwidth.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"language":[7],"class_list":["post-993","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","language-en_gb"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Film editing - V I S I O N and A N I M A V I S I O N - Video School Online<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/vision-videoschool.eu\/?page_id=993\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"de_DE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Film editing - V I S I O N and A N I M A V I S I O N - Video School Online\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Introduction Once filming is finished, it&#8217;s time to edit your material. 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